Gas-engine silencer.



H. P. MAXIM GAS ENGINE SILENCER APPLICATION FILED JULY 17,1911.

1,01 5,698 merited @1123, 1912.

2 SHEBTS-SHEET 1.

,WM MUOME rs Mum H. P. MAXIM.

GAS ENGINE SILENGERK APPLIGATION FILED JULY 17,1911,

1,015,698, Patented Jan.23,1912.

2 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

flit $5M IMVENTOR m ATTORNEYS HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

GAS-ENGINE sILiaNcER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 17, 1911.

Patented Jan. 23,1912. Serial No. 638,815.

engine silencers or mufilers which may comprise a built-up shell formed of a series of partitions provided with integral rims and enlarged flanges to cooperate with the rims.

of the adjacent nested partitions and a series o't separators arranged between said partitions and provided with spiral separator passages on both sides of said separators, the diameter of said separators being less than said rims to provide annular gas whirl chambersaround said separators, the sur faces of said spiral separator passages being preferably roughened as byfibrous coating material to increase the sound interfering and damping action of the multiple tortuous gas passage through the Inufiier.

In the accompanying drawings showing in a somewhat diagrammatic way illustrative embodiments of. this invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing'diagrammatically the movement of the gases through a section of the muffler. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is a side view of: one form of separator. Fig. 4 is a corresponding longitudinal elevation. Fig. 5 is a side view of another form of separator. Fig. 6 is a corresponding longitudinal sectional view. Fig. 7 is a detail showing the edge of this separator.

As illustrated in Fig! 2 of 'the drawings, the muliler may be conveniently built up of, a number of partitions 23 which may, if desired, be formed of sulliciently heavy stamped material provided if desired with integral rims 24 and with enlarged flanges 1 adapted to engage the rims of the adjacent partitions so as to form a secure connection when the parts are forced together, although it is of course understood that the muffler shell may be formed in other ways. Suitable separators preferably having spiral vanes or ribs may be interposed between the various partitions which are referably provided'as indicated l r'as passages 3. These mpriseseparator plates 2 vided by attaching asbestos fiber having spiral or curved vanes 13 formed on either side thereof as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. These separators'may be provided with a central hole 21 of such size as to fit fairly closely around the bolt, or connector 1 on which the parts are assembled and the separators are preferably given a considerably less diameter than the interior of the rims so as to form annular spaces or chambers 19 beyond these separators in which annular whirls of gas are set up during the operation of the device. It is also desirable to have the separators formed with a roughened coating or surface 12 to have increased'interference effects and correspondingly dampen the sound waves as they are reflected back and forthjthrough the spiral separator passages. This rou ghened coating may be pro material to the separator in any desired way, as by partly embedding the fibers or pieces of asbestos or the like in a suitable adhesive coating of ditficultly fusible japan or other enamel like material which may be hardened by heating and give a roug ned somewhat fibrous or woolly surface to the separator vanes. For similar reasons, it is desirable in some cases to provide the annular chambers 19 outside the separators with similarly roughened surfaces as by inserting therein rough asbestos paper or cloth 11 which may be woven with a reinforcing coating of wire.

Although the entire muffler may be provided with similar separators, it is desirable in some cases to provide the muffler adjacent its discharge end with separators having channels of less capacity so as to have an in creased retarding eflect on the irregular or intermittent gas impulses. For this purpose it is desirable in many cases to have a plurality of narrower separators between the adjacent partitions and as indicated in Fig. 2 this may be accomplished by interposing the desired number of intermediate deflectors 5 between the adjacent partitions, thesedeflectors being formed of any desirable ma terial preferably of reinforced asbestos cloth or paper which provides a desirable roughened surface. The separators for use in this connection may be conveniently stamped up out of sheet metal and have the form indicated in Figs. 2, 5, 6 and 7, the separator plate 22 being provided with curved or spirally arranged integral ribs 15 to form spiral channels and the separator being preferably provided with a similarly roughened or similar be assembled on the central bolt 1 which may pass through the holes :21 and in some cases side tl s semester. the

the entire muffler may be constructed With one or more intermediate deflectors, such as 5, between ell of tlle pertitions in the muffl'ei'. in the construction illustrated all the parts may easily bessseinbled-by tightening up the not 9 on the bolt 1 which may prelereblybe provided with the pointed defleeting heed indicated in engagement with the bridge 8 of the inlet 7 which may have a threaded connection with he exhaust pipe e of the gas engine; The not on the other end of this bolt may cooperate with the spider or orscliet 10 secured in any desired Way to the edjucenl' partition The sharp intermittent impulses of the gas engincenlisust are received in the muffiei' and distributed about the first separator so as to bc'given spiral motion between its vanes and form n i'spidly '.noving ennu 120i whirl of Within ti. ember 1'9 out- Vo cing crowded longicudinclly along this chamber also oeing sufficiently slowed down so es is be able revel-fee its disection pass down the spiral 'jossse between the vanes on the other of V secession indicated-by the dotted lien through 523; l 3e ed jeceniend re nnineoielely con ducted outward throu h. the spilel in the next separator which is lembly reversed, es incicsted in Fig so as to minimize clicking at this central part of the tortucusv passage 'ilirongli" the mulller. For this reason the ably so arrnnged the-f the spiral vanes facing toward the ct ("it'd no inufiler are alternately llgllbllfiflfid and left-handed, although 0'' couese this is not necesseiry in all cases. high velocity annular "whirls of gssin e 4 l of the chambers-l9 outside the separators have consideis'ole in'ertislc cause of their higlijvelocity and thus exert isiderable aspireting client, tending to W the gas out through thespiral pas discharging into these ennulsi" chem- It will also be noted that the receivg sides of these" chambers 19 are of somewhet lar er area because of the Tester v 1:!

bet, a so relatively dizunetei of the flanges 4, so that the more rapidly moving pert-03E the gas Whirl tends to-i'exnsin at this receiving end of thecliamslower moving gas being more readily crowded ever to the other side of the chamber pass inwsi'd. down the V i-lien this mufliss I f we intemniltent' impulses or pulls e exhaust so as toconsiderably of outlne gas diseliaige uml also reduce volume through cooling action, it is'not necessary to lime the ellective ares of are i prefer reduced line we the tortuous multiple passages through the inutlieias large, and as indicated this may be accomplished with a correspondingly increased niufiling effect by the use of sepm rotors having correspondingly less axial length or thickness, scyeral being if desired arranged in the same chamber between adjacent purtitions'.

This mulllcr besides greatly reducing the violence of the intermittent gas impulses or polls of the engine exhaust also greatly deadens the sound vlbmtions or noise by the damping eliect of the constant IJEllQC- tion :ind interference in the spiral passages Whichseems to be materially promoted by the use of the iroughened or fibrous surface of these muflier gaasseges. At the same time the beck pressure is not excessi e, since the muffler seems to very materially even out the sharp intermittent pulls or impulses constituting the usual gas engine exhaust.

The gas is not therefore discimmed from 7 a the mufiler in sucn Wm as to then on duce the sharp Ob 'jQGllOBubiE noises cherecteristic of unmui'lled gas exlmusts and the emission of: such noise as is dcvcl oped. in the niul'ller or other connected parts of the apparatus is minimised. by the obsorption of the sound vibrations Within the muffler osssages esindicstecl.

Having described this invention in connection with a "number of illustrative enioOdiInenis, forms, proportions, con tructions and arrangements of ports, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, What is claimed as new and What is desired to be secured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

1. The gas engine muilier comprising c series of partitions provided with central passages and having integral pines and enlarged'llanges to cooperate Wit-l1 the rims of the adjacent nested partitions an inletto be connected -with the engine exhaust and provided with a, bridge, c bolt having a conicsl spreading end coogei'sting with said bridge, SQPlllliGTS arranged oat-ween ssicl pertit-ions and pro? iled with pic ics lmving central lioles to accommodate said bolt and.

provided with spiral passages on both sides of said slates, said sens-craters having less diameter than semi rims and flanges to psovlde annular gas Whirl chambers around said sepameorcs, n number of the separators adiscenc the discharge end of said muiller being-formed of stamped sheet metal having deliectois arranged between the oral separators between adjacent pen togive increased mudling action, the surfaces of said spiral separate}? passages be" ing rcui hened by zficocting of fibrous ashes tos there being a rough contin fibrous asbestos on the inner surfaces oi Salli annular chambers outside said separators.

oma e 2.,The gas engine muflier comprising 'a series of partitions having central passages and provided with integral rims and enlarged flanges to cooperate with the rims of the adjacent nested partitions, an inlet to be connected with the engine exhaust, a bolt connected with said inlet and extend ing through the m'ufller, separators between said partitions and provided with plates having central holes to accommodate said bolt and provided with spiral passages on both sides of said plates, said separators having less diameter than said rims and flanges to provide annular gas whirl chambers around-said separators, a number of the separators adjacent the discharge end of said muflier being formed of stamped sheet metal and havingdeflectors arranged between the several separators between adjacent partitions to giveincreased muflling action, the surfaces of said s iral separator passages being roughened with fibrous ma terial.

3. The gas engine muflier comprising a series of partitions having central passages and provided with integral rims and en-- larged flanges to cotiperate with the rims of the adjacent nested partitions, an inlet to be connected with the engine exhaust, a bolt connected with said inlet and extending through the mufiler, separators arranged be tween said partitions and provided with plates having central holes to accommodate said bolt and provided with spiral passages, said separators having lessdiameter than said rims and flanges to provide annular whirl chambers around said separators, the surfaces of said spiral separator passages being roughened by fibrouscoating material.

4. The gas engine 'mufiier comprising a series of partitions having central passages and provided with integral rims and en- -larged flanges to coiiperate-with the rims of the adjacent nested partitions, an inlet to be connected with the engine exhaust, a

bolt connected with said-inlet and extend- 'ing through the mufller,separators arranged between said partitions and provided with plates having central holes to accommodate said bolt and provided with spiral passages,

said separators having less diameter than said rims and flanges to provide annular whirl chambers around said separators.

5. The gas engine muffler comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions having central passages, separators arranged between said partitions and provided with spiral passages, said separators having less diameter than'said shell to provide annular gas whirl ,chambers around said s parators, the surfaces of said spiral separator ages being roughened with fibrous coating matc ial.

6. The gas engine nflfller comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions having central passages and separators arranged between said partitions and pro vided with spiral passages, said separators having less diameter than said shell to provide annular gas whirl chambers around said separators.

7. The gas engine muffler comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions having central passages, separators arranged between said partitions and provided with plates and spiral passages on both sides of said plates, said separators having less diameter than said shell to provide annular gas whirl chambers a'round said separators, a number of the separators adjacent the'dlscharge end of said muflier being formed of stamped sheet metal and having deflectors arranged between the several separators between adjacent partitions to give increased mufliing action.

8. The as engine mufllcr comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions having central passages, separators arranged between said partitions and provided with. plates provided with spiral passages on both sides of said plates, said separators having less diameter than said shell to provide annular gas whirl chambers around said separators receiving the outwardly'moving gas from the separator passages on one side of each separator and delivering said gas in reverse direction into the lnwardl extending spiral passages on the 'othersi e of said separator, said spiral separator passages and annular whirl chamber being provided with a roughened .ibrous coating. I g

9. The gas-engine mufiier comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions having central passages, separators arranged between said partitions and provided withplates provided with spiral passages on both sides of said plates, said separators having less diameter than said shell to provide annular gas whirl chambers around said separators receiving the outwardly moving gas from the separator passages'on one side of each separator and delivering said gas in reverse direction into.

&

on the other side of said separator, the

spiral separator passages on adjacent separators extending in the same direction to minimize choking at the central portions of the tortuous passage through said muffier, a number of the separators adjacent "passages on both sides of said plates, said separators having less diameter than said shell to provide annular gas Whirl chamhers around said separators receiving the outwardly moving gas from the spiral separator passages on one side of each separator and delivering said gas in the 0 posite direction into the inwardly exten in spiral passages on the other side of sai separator, the spiral separator passages on adjacent separators extending in the same direction to minimize choking at the central portions of the tortuous passage through said mufiier.

12. The gas engine muffler comprising a shell provided with a series of partitions @separ'ators having less diameter than said ;shell toprovide annular gas whirl chanr bers around said separators receiving the goutwardly moving gas from the spiral sepa- :ra tor passages on one side of each separator and delivering said gas in the opposite direction into the inwardly extending spiral passages on the other side of said separator, the spiral separator passages on adjacent separators extending in the same direction to minimize choking at the central porripns .of the tortuous passage through said -mii-" Her, a number of the separators adjacent the discharge end of said muflier being formed with separator passages of less area to give increased muflhng action, the surfaces of said spiral separator passages being roughened to promote sound interference and damping action.

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM.

\Vitnesses:

Gno. E. Lucas, MARGARET A. F AHEY. 

